Inexpensive ionic liquids: [HSO4]−-based solvent production at bulk scale

Inexpensive ionic liquids: [HSO4]–based solvent production at bulk scale

Green Chem., 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4GC00016A, Paper

Long Chen, Mahdi Sharifzadeh, Niall Mac Dowell, Tom Welton, Nilay Shah, Jason P. Hallett
ILs manufactured from inexpensive raw materials in few steps are cheaper than some organic solvents and have a low environmental impact.

Green Chem., 2014, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C4GC00016A

http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2014/GC/C4GC00016A?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+rss%2FGC+%28RSC+-+Green+Chem.+latest+articles%29#!divAbstract

Through more than two decades’ intensive research, ionic liquids (ILs) have exhibited significant potential in various areas of research at laboratory scales. This suggests that ILs-based industrial process development will attract increasing attention in the future. However, there is one core issue that stands in the way of commercialisation: the high cost of most laboratory-synthesized ILs will limit application to small-scale, specialized processes. In this work, we evaluate the economic feasibility of two ILs synthesized via acid–base neutralization using two scenarios for each: conventional and intensification processing. Based upon our initial models, we determined the cost price of each IL and compared the energy requirements of each process option. The cost prices of triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate and 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate are estimated as $1.24 kg⁻¹ and $2.96–5.88 kg⁻¹, respectively. This compares favourably with organic solvents such as acetone or ethyl acetate, which sell for $1.30–$1.40 kg⁻¹. Moreover, the raw materials contribute the overwhelming majority of this cost and the intensified process using a compact plate reactor is more economical due to lower energy requirements. These results indicate that ionic liquids are not necessarily expensive, and therefore large-scale IL-based processes can become a commercial reality.

Cyanoformate Structure Could Aid Efforts To Trap Carbon Dioxide

Tetraphenylphosphonium (left) enabled the capture of the elusive cyanoformate anion (right).

Unstable Complex: Elusive ion’s unusual bonding could inform design of agents that capture greenhouse gas.

read at

http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/i14/Cyanoformate-Structure-Aid-Efforts-Trap.html

Salt Additives Can Be Used To Tailor Negishi Cross-Couplings

SALT TO TASTE

A salt additive such as LiCl is necessary in some cases for Negishi cross-couplings to succeed.

Salt Additives Can Be Used To Tailor Negishi Cross-Couplings

Organic Synthesis: Chemists find that adding a salt affects aryl- and alkylzinc reagents differently.

 

read at

http://cen.acs.org/articles/92/i14/Salt-Additives-Used-Tailor-Negishi.html

 

13C NMR OF SIMPLE MOLECULES…………..Brush up….???

Originally posted on New Drug Approvals:

ما هو هذا، لماذا أنت قلق، فرشاة مع الأشياء البسيطة، وسوف يخرج عبقري، وتعلم معي، قطرات صغيرة من الماء جعلالمحيطات، وسوف يكون خبيرا في هذا

what is this, why are you worried, brush up with simple things, you will come out genius, learn with me, small drops of water make an ocean, you will be an expert in this

あなたが心配している理由は、これは簡単なことでブラッシュアップ、、何か、あなたは、天才が出てくる私と一緒に学ぶことが、水の小さな滴が海を作るには、この専門家になる

Name: 1,2-dimethoxymethane

C₄H₁₀O₂

From the molecular formula, the compound has “0 degrees of unsaturation” (no double bonds or rings).

The ¹³C NMR has two peaks, a quartet at  54 (a CH₃) and a triplet at  80 (a CH₂). Since the molecule has four carbons and only two ¹³C NMR peaks, there must be symmetry. Both peaks are in the regions where carbons next to electronegative atoms occur…

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1H NMR OF SIMPLE MOLECULES.. Brush up

Originally posted on New Drug Approvals:

ما هو هذا، لماذا أنت قلق، فرشاة مع الأشياء البسيطة، وسوف يخرج عبقري، وتعلم معي، قطرات صغيرة من الماء جعلالمحيطات، وسوف يكون خبيرا في هذا

what is this, why are you worried, brush up with simple things, you will come out genius, learn with me, small drops of water make an ocean, you will be an expert in this

あなたが心配している理由は、これは簡単なことでブラッシュアップ、、何か、あなたは、天才が出てくる私と一緒に学ぶことが、水の小さな滴が海を作るには、この専門家になる

 

4-methylbenzaldehyde

The proton NMR has three peaks; a singlet at  2.2 (3H), and a singlet at  10 (1H) and two doublets centered around  7.6. The doublets centered at  7.6 are in the aromatic region; the fact that two doublets are observed (2H each) suggests a 1,4-disubstituted aromatic compound.

The peak at  2.2 is in the region for a methyl group adjacent a mildly electronegative group. The singlet at  10 is in…

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4-methoxyphenyl methanol, (4-メトキシフェニル)メタノール NMR, IR , MASS

Originally posted on New Drug Approvals:

(4-methoxyphenyl)methanol

Structure: 

IUPAC Name: 4-methoxyphenyl methanol

C₆H₁O₃; MW = 138.17

The molecule contains two oxygens, and from the analysis, contains four double bonds, carbonyls or rings. The large number of degrees of unsaturation strongly suggests an aromatic compound (DU = 4).

The mass spectrum displays a molecular ion, which is the base peak, an m-1 and an m-17, all of which are consistent with a simple alcohol.

The ¹³C spectrum contains six peaks, indicating that the molecule has some elements of symmetry. The quartet at  56 and the triplet at  71 represent a CH₃ and a CH₂ group which are deshielded by electronegative atoms (most likely oxygen); the peaks at  161 – 128 are in the aromatic region; the fact that two doublets and two singlets are observed strongly suggests 1,4-disubstitution.

The proton NMR also shows evidence for aromatic 1,4-disubstitution…

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Buserelin a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist

Originally posted on New Drug Approvals:

Buserelin

57982-77-1  cas no

D-Ser(Tbu)6EA10LHRH

(2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-[(2S)-2-(ethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

6-[O-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamideluteinizing hormone-releasing factor (pig)

Profact, 57982-77-1, Buserelin (INN), Tiloryth (TN), AC1Q5OOQ, AC1L18ON, D-Ser(Tbu)6EA10LHRH,

Molecular Formula: C₆₀H₈₆N₁₆O₁₃

Molecular Weight: 1239.42424

Therap-Cat: Antineoplastic (hormonal). Gonad-stimulating principle.

Therap-Cat-Vet: Gonad-stimulating principle.

Keywords: Antineoplastic (Hormonal); LH-RH Analogs; Gonad-Stimulating Principle; LH-RH Agonist.

Buserelin is a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist, a synthetic hormone which stimulates the pituitary gland’s gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). It is used in prostate cancer treatment.

Buserelin stimulates the pituitary gland’s gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). Buserelin desensitizes the GnRH receptor, reducing the amount of LH and testosterone. However, there is a concomitant surge in LH and testosterone levels with the decrease in androgens, so antiandrogens must administered.

buserelin

Properties: [a]D20 -40.4° (c = 1 in dimethylacetamide).

Optical Rotation: [a]D20 -40.4° (c = 1 in dimethylacetamide)

Derivative Type: Monoacetate

CAS : 68630-75-1

 Codes: HOE-766

Trademarks: Receptal…

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